EU’s ban on Russia Today and Sputnik is now in effect – TechCrunch

The EU’s ban on Russia Today (RT) and Sputnik has just gone into effect meaning media regulators across the bloc are now expected to monitor compliance, with the risk of fines being levied by national watchdogs across the bloc for any platforms found continuing to distribute the Kremlin-linked media firms’ content.

It’s a wide-ranging sanction on the distribution of RT and Sputnik and their subsidiaries* — covering not just traditional broadcast channels (like satellite TV) but also online platforms and apps, as we reported earlier.

While individual journalists at the two outlets are not being sanctioned at this time, the legal instrument includes an anti-circumvention clause — which could end up targeting individuals, i.e. if they are deemed to be trying to circumvent the restrictions on the channels.

This also means Internet providers are expected to take proactively steps to ensure content from RT and Sputnik does not appear on their platforms.

So, basically, just banning official channels may not be enough — if other users/accounts upload sanctioned content social media and other tech platforms may be expected to take further measures to prevent the ban being circumvented in that way.

As well as platforms like social media networks and video streaming services, EU officials said that in principle ISPs are also covered.

Given the broad range of digital distribution channels available, Commission officials acknowledged the challenge of immediately ending all regional distribution of the two channels — suggesting they expect a degree of leakage, although they emphasized that — legally speaking — compliance with the prohibition is now an expectation. 

While the EU says the sanctions against RT and Sputnik are time-limited, in practice conditions attached to their removal make it hard to envisage the ban being lifted — at least while the current Russian president, Vladimir Putin, remains in the Kremlin.

That’s because the Commission has stipulated that for the ban to end Russia must cease its aggression in Ukraine and stop its propaganda against the EU and its Member States. And plenty of media observers would suggest the primary purpose of a channel like Russia Today is exactly to produce and amplify anti-Western propaganda.

Why is the EU is singling out RT and Sputnik in particular?

The bloc’s assessment is that they are key disinformation tools in a pro-Kremlin toolbox that’s being used by president Putin to wage a destabilizing infowar against the West.

Commission officials, for example, flag the massive state budget (an estimated €1.3BN in 2021) and other state support afforded to them, as well as pointing to doubts about the channels’ editorial independence.

They also argue that the EU’s response — sanctions targeted at the two media firms’ distribution — does not censor opinion.

Commission officials couch the restrictions as carefully balanced, emphasizing that they are targeting the two most prominent — and clearly attributable — instruments being used by the Russian state to engage in foreign information manipulation and interference.

To back up that assertion they point to a report by the US Department of State analyzing the role of RT and Sputnik in Russia’s “Disinformation and Propaganda Ecosystem”, as just one example — arguing that the two entities are clearly essential and instrumental parts of Putin’s propaganda machine.

Asked if any more restrictions are incoming — given comments made by EU president Ursula von der Leyen Sunday who said the bloc is “developing tools to ban [Russia’s] toxic and harmful disinformation in Europe”, Commission officials declined to comment on any specific incoming policies.

But they pointed generally to a range of measures the bloc has been formulating over a number of years, such as its Democracy Action Plan and steps taken to tackle the spread of online disinformation via the Code of Practice, adding that the EU is building a coherent set of policy approaches and measures, including in areas like situational awareness and resilience building — which it intends to target foreign information manipulation in particular.

The RT and Sputnik sanctions slot into that wider strategy, EU officials added.

The legal basis for the RT and Sputnik sanctions is a unanimous decision by the European Council, under common foreign and security policy rules (article 29), along with article 215 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union which provides for restrictive measures, per the Commission.

Existing EU media rules continue to operate as usual in parallel with the sanctions, EU officials added.

*The full list of six sanctioned entities is RT (English), RT (UK), RT (France), RT (Germany), RT (Spain) and Sputnik